WARNING: The winter months pose the greatest danger for serious and fatal injuries from railroad switching operations, warns Federal Railroad Administration.

Especially dangerous are the days just before and after the New Year.

Over the past 25 years, 38 rail switchyard related deaths have occurred during winter months, says the FRA, in urging rail workers to exhibit extraordinary caution.

By following the lifesaving tips of the Switching Operations Fatalities Analysis (SOFA) working group -- comprised of FRA, union and carrier representatives -- rail employees engaged in switching operations stand a far higher probability of returning home safely to their families.

Whether a worker is relatively new to the industry or blessed with decades of experience, danger lurks where vigilance slips. Almost as many injuries and deaths involve employees with many years of seniority as new hires.

The SOFA group warms, "Be alert to the following special switching hazards that can take limbs and lives":

* Close clearances;

* Shoving movements;

* Unsecured cars;

* Free rolling rail cars;

* Exposure to mainline trains;

* Tripping, slipping or falling;

* Unexpected movement of cars;

* Adverse environmental conditions;

* Equipment defects;

* Motor vehicles or loading devices;

* Drugs and alcohol

The SOFA group also offers five life-saving tips:

* Secure equipment before action is taken;

* Protect against moving equipment;

* Discuss safety at the beginning of the job and when the work changes;

*Communicate before action is taken;

* Coach less experienced employees to perform service safely.

Two of the SOFA life-saving tips are particularly significant in preventing fatalities: safety briefings before switching operations begin, or when the nature of work changes; and the mentoring of less-experienced employees. Statistics prove that situational awareness is paramount.

Safety is everyone's responsibility. Each railroader, whether seasoned or green, holds other lives in their hands -- every working hour of every working day of the year.

By reviewing and discussing the five life-saving tips, and by remaining aware of the special switching hazards faced, UTU members can increase the odds that everyone goes home alive and well.